#REF!

REF Error

Occurs when a formula references a cell or range that no longer exists, has been deleted, or is invalid.

Common Causes

1.Deleting a row, column, or sheet that was referenced by a formula

2.Copying a formula that creates an out-of-bounds reference

3.Circular reference creating an invalid chain

4.A formula pointing to a cell that was moved or renamed

Undo the deletion (Ctrl+Z / Cmd+Z) and rewrite the formula first

Use INDIRECT to create dynamic references that won't break

=INDIRECT("Sheet1!A1")

Rewrite the formula to use a valid range

=SUM(A1:A10) instead of =SUM(A1:A#REF!)

Check Edit > Find & Select > Formulas > Errors to locate all #REF! cells

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